Hepatitis B is a viral infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that primarily affects the liver. It can lead to both acute and chronic illnesses, with the potential for severe liver damage over time. The virus is transmitted through contact with the blood or bodily fluids of an infected person, making it a significant public health concern worldwide.
This infection matters for health because it can lead to serious liver conditions, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Chronic hepatitis B can be lifelong, and many people may not show symptoms for years, which can delay diagnosis and treatment. Vaccination is available and is an effective way to prevent hepatitis B infection.
In the body, the liver plays a crucial role in digestion, metabolism, and detoxification. When hepatitis B infects the liver, it can disrupt these essential functions, leading to various health issues. The body's immune response may attempt to fight the virus, which can cause inflammation and damage to liver cells.
Hepatitis B is a global health issue, and awareness is important for prevention and management. Regular screenings and vaccinations can help reduce the spread of this virus and protect individuals from its potential complications.