Lactose intolerance is a common condition where individuals have difficulty digesting lactose, a sugar present in milk and dairy products. This happens when the body does not produce enough lactase, the enzyme needed to break down lactose into simpler sugars that can be absorbed. As a result, consuming dairy can lead to symptoms like bloating, gas, and diarrhea.
Understanding lactose intolerance is important for health because it affects many people worldwide, particularly adults. Those who are lactose intolerant may experience discomfort after consuming dairy, which can lead to avoiding nutritious foods that contain calcium and vitamin D. Recognizing and managing lactose intolerance is crucial for maintaining a balanced diet and overall well-being.
In the body, lactase is produced in the small intestine, where it helps digest lactose. When there is insufficient lactase, lactose passes into the colon, where bacteria ferment it, causing gas and other digestive issues. While some people can tolerate small amounts of lactose, others may react strongly to any dairy consumption.
It is worth noting that lactose intolerance varies among individuals; some may experience mild symptoms while others have more severe reactions. People often seek alternatives to dairy, such as lactose-free products, to manage their symptoms while still enjoying the flavors they love.