PM2.5 refers to particulate matter that has a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less. These particles are so small that they can easily enter the lungs and even the bloodstream when inhaled. PM2.5 can come from various sources, including vehicle emissions, industrial processes, and natural sources like wildfires and dust storms.
PM2.5 is important for health because it can cause serious respiratory and cardiovascular problems. Exposure to high levels of PM2.5 is linked to issues such as asthma, heart attacks, and reduced lung function. Vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, and people with existing health conditions, are at a greater risk from these tiny particles in the air.
When PM2.5 enters the body through the lungs, it can cause inflammation and other harmful effects. The body may try to fight off these particles, but their small size makes it difficult for the immune system to eliminate them effectively. This can lead to long-term health issues if exposure is continuous or at high levels.
Monitoring PM2.5 levels is crucial for public health, as it helps inform communities about air quality and potential health risks. Awareness of PM2.5 can encourage people to take precautions, especially during times of high pollution.