Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells in the body that plays a key role in regulating appetite and energy use. It sends signals to the brain indicating that the body has enough energy stored, which helps to suppress hunger. This hormone is critical for maintaining a healthy balance of food intake and energy expenditure.
Understanding leptin is important for health because it helps to manage body weight. When leptin levels are functioning properly, they help prevent overeating and support weight loss. However, if the body becomes resistant to leptin, it may lead to increased hunger and weight gain, contributing to obesity and related health issues.
In the body, leptin works by binding to receptors in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus, which is responsible for regulating hunger and energy balance. When leptin binds to these receptors, it triggers a feeling of fullness, reducing the desire to eat. Additionally, leptin influences energy expenditure by regulating metabolic processes.
Leptin also interacts with other hormones and systems in the body that control appetite and metabolism. This makes it an essential part of a complex network that maintains energy homeostasis. Understanding how leptin works can provide insights into weight management and metabolic health.