Plaque is a mixture of fat, cholesterol, and other substances that can accumulate on the walls of arteries. This buildup can narrow the arteries and reduce blood flow, which is a condition known as atherosclerosis. Over time, plaque can harden and restrict the flow of oxygen-rich blood to your organs and tissues.
Understanding plaque is crucial for health because it can lead to serious cardiovascular problems, including heart attacks and strokes. When arteries become blocked by plaque, the heart may struggle to get enough blood, resulting in chest pain or other complications. Recognizing the risk factors for plaque buildup, such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and smoking, is essential for prevention.
In the body, plaque forms as a response to damage in the artery walls, often due to high cholesterol levels or inflammation. The immune system sends cells to the site of the damage, which can lead to further buildup of fatty substances. This process can begin early in life and worsen with age, making it important to monitor heart health over time.
It is also worth noting that plaque is not just found in arteries; it can also occur in other areas, such as teeth, where it can lead to cavities and gum disease. Maintaining overall health and being aware of plaque buildup can help reduce the risk of serious health issues later in life.